, CAS 367-93-1, chemical structure composed of isopropyl - It is composed of D-thiogalactoside and phosphate groups. Among them, - D-thiogalactoside is an analogue of galactose, in which the sulfur atom replaces the oxygen atom. This special glycoside structure allows IPTG to bind to DNA and induce gene expression. IPTG has a low solubility in water, but can dissolve well in physiological saline and phosphate buffer. It is acidic with a pKa value of 4.5, which is related to the phosphate group in its molecular structure. It is not easy to crystallize in pure water, but it can form crystals in high concentration solutions or when other compounds are added. Due to its ability to induce bacterial protein expression, IPTG is sensitive to certain microorganisms. For example, some bacteria may stop growing or die after exposure to IPTG.

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The enzymatic synthesis of IPTG is a method that utilizes enzymes to catalyze the reaction of galactose and uridine triphosphate to produce isopropyl groups- - Method for D-thiogalactoside. The following are the detailed steps and chemical equations of this method:
1. Preparation work:




2. Reaction process
2.1 Mix the reaction system evenly at an appropriate temperature.
2.2 Maintain the temperature and pH stability of the reaction system and continue stirring.
2.3 Sampling and testing of isopropyl at regular intervals- - The production of D-thiogalactoside.
2.4 Adjust the enzyme dosage and reaction time based on the test results to obtain the best isopropyl group- - D-thiogalactoside production.
3. Chemical equation

C₂₀H₃₁N₃O₁₂ + C₃H₇₂O₂S + UDP → C₈H₆₄O₂ + C₁₀H₁₅N₅O₁₀P₂ + C₃H₇N

Among them, ATP represents adenosine triphosphate, UDP represents uridine diphosphate, and Pi represents inorganic phosphorus. This chemical equation represents the formation of isopropyl groups from galactose and uridine triphosphate under the action of enzymes- - D-thiogalactoside and ADP, as well as Pi.
4. Separation and purification

Using appropriate separation and purification techniques, such as ion exchange, chromatography, etc., to further purify isopropyl- - D-thiogalactoside.
Conduct quality testing, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, etc., to ensure that the product quality meets the requirements.
5. Summary
The enzymatic synthesis method of IPTG has high selectivity, yield, and purity, as well as environmental friendliness and high safety. In this method, the type, concentration, pH value, temperature and other conditions of the enzyme have a significant impact on the reaction results, and precise control and adjustment are required. In addition, the separation and purification steps are also crucial to ensure the quality and purity of the product. In practical operation, adjustments and optimizations should be made according to specific circumstances to obtain the best isopropyl group- - Production and quality of D-thiogalactoside.

The multi-component reaction method of IPTG is a reaction that utilizes the participation of multiple components to synthesize isopropyl- - Method for D-thiogalactoside. The following are the detailed steps and chemical equations of this method:
1. Preparation work




2. Reaction process
2.1 Mix the reaction system evenly at an appropriate temperature.
2.2 Maintain the temperature and pH stability of the reaction system and continue stirring.
During the reaction process, attention should be paid to observing the progress of the reaction, adjusting the amount of enzyme and reaction time in a timely manner to obtain the best isopropyl group- - D-thiogalactoside production.
3. Chemical equation

C₂₀H₃₁N₃O₁₂ + C₃H₇₂O₂S + C₉H₁₄N₂O₁₂P₂ + C₁₀H1₅N₅O₁₀P₂ → C₈H₆₄O₂ + C₃H₇N

Among them, ATP represents adenosine triphosphate, UDP represents uridine diphosphate, ADP represents adenosine diphosphate, and Pi represents inorganic phosphorus. This chemical equation represents the formation of isopropyl groups from galactose, uridine triphosphate, and adenosine triphosphate under the action of enzymes- - D-thiogalactoside and Pi.
4. Separation and purification

Using appropriate separation and purification techniques, such as ion exchange, chromatography, etc., to further purify isopropyl- - D-thiogalactoside.
Conduct quality testing, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, etc., to ensure that the product quality meets the requirements.
5. Summary
The multi-component reaction method of IPTG utilizes the advantages of multiple components participating in the reaction together, with high selectivity, yield, and purity. In this method, in addition to the main raw materials such as galactose, uridine triphosphate, and enzymes, auxiliary components such as adenosine triphosphate and sodium thiosulfate are also added to promote the reaction and improve the quality of the product. In addition, the separation and purification steps are also crucial to ensure the quality and purity of the product. In practical operation, adjustments and optimizations should be made according to specific circumstances to obtain the best isopropyl group- - Production and quality of D-thiogalactoside. At the same time, attention should be paid to controlling reaction conditions such as temperature, pH value, and enzyme dosage to achieve the best reaction effect.